Department of Homeland Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Branch of Homeland Security - Research Paper Example The U.S Department of Homeland Security keeps the principles and guidelines passed by the Congress and ordered by the President. The bureau office works under the administration of a Secretary designated by the U.S President.Security was the crucial explanation of building up the U.S Department of Homeland Security. The organization has an extreme vision of ensuring a sheltered, secure, and flexible country that is against fear mongering and other expected perils (Department of Homeland Security 1). Undoubtedly, the office works under three key central ideas of national country security system that incorporate versatility, security, customs, and trade. Besides, the improvement of the office had five particular country security missions that included making sure about and overseeing U.S fringes, upgrading flexibility to debacles, shielding and making sure about the internet, upholding and regulating U.S migration laws just as forestalling fear mongering and upgrading state security (D epartment of Homeland Security 1). The organization guarantees that the entirety of its administrative activities conform to its core values that identify with the insurance of social equality and common freedoms, reconciliation of U.S activities, foundation of alliances and associations, advancement of HR, development, and responsibility to the American residents (Department of Homeland Security 1). The U.S Department of Homeland Security parts characterize how the organization seeks after its mission.The U.S Department of Homeland Security is as of now.

Gender Biasness in School-Free-Samples for Students Myassignment

Question: Talk about the Gender Biasness in School. Answer: Presentation With the difference in sexual orientation standards, an adjustment in the general public is occurring bit by bit. The families and the networks are being influenced by the arrangements of the sexual orientation standards and its effect over the school and different foundations of the state (Hemphill, Schneider, 2013). In this situation, an elementary teacher name Jill was very worried about the effect of sex standards in the tutoring organizations and the manners in which the understudies of those foundations show it. Jill saw that the sexual orientation standards are leaving negative effect on the conduct of the understudies (Smith Sobel, 2014; Manning Butcher, 2013). The instructor additionally saw that the manners in which the distinctions have been drawn among young ladies and young men in regards to the utilizing of book libraries and the PC rooms. Jill in the organization likewise saw that how understudies offending a female colleague for having two guardians of same sex. This was very discourteous for both kid and her folks in this viewpoint (Hemphill, Schneider, 2013). By mentioning such objective facts, it is critical to talk about the different systems and difficulties which could address the issues of the study hall as far as demonstrating appreciation to the understudies and the manners in which kids must comprehend and learn various aptitudes and information to make their perspectives more extensive to grasp the distinctions (Smith Sobel, 2014). Sexual orientation standards: An issue to be tended to From the above related issue, where Jill watched a portion of the grasping circumstances where the sexual orientation hole was set up in schools and teachers likewise attempting to characterize it regarding separating the exercises between the young men and the young ladies (Carpenter, 2013; Ray, 2015). In like manner with the difference in the arrangement of the general public, the understudies need to comprehend the need by making their aptitudes and information different so as to comprehend the qualities and abilities. In this sense, the instructors are expected to assume an indispensable job as far as making understudies persuaded about the progressing circumstances and how they would have the option to address them. Sexual orientation standards are named as a gradually creating idea. This should be very much clarified in the study hall air to cause them to illuminate about the significance of the idea and the manners in which they have to empower them for the future possibilitie s. Sexual orientation standards is an over summed up term which is viewed as possibly great if a kid or a young lady will in general carry on as per the standards of the sex. Sex standards are fundamentally founded on the desires for the general public (Carpenter, 2013; London et al 2012). In this viewpoint, Jill likewise saw something very similar where the young ladies are urged to play with toys and was pushed to the shelf and the young men are urged to learn PCs. The educators are likewise inciting these distinctions in the study hall by following the sexual orientation standards carefully. The essential instructing about the sexual orientation standards are by and large began from the underlying foundations of the family. Kids from their introduction to the world are introduced to the world based on their sex. The biasness takes a solid hold since their introduction to the world through the games, toys and furthermore parental demonstrating (Dury, 2013; London et al 2012). The family shows their kids the realities of the sexual orientation standards where the guys are commonly liable to consolidate them being versatile and solid. The females then again, being fused into believing that they are being caring and excellent. These rulers of qualities may block the chance and improvement of the childs thinking power which step by step prompts rejection and imbalance (Dury 2013). Be that as it may, in the learning condition, an educators instructing capacity leaves an immense effect on the learning of the understudies and it additionally impacts the qualities and aptitudes of their insight. After family, it is the school which thinks of reasonable learning forms so as to connect with the understudies in learning different exercises and aptitudes (Dury, 2013; Carpenter, 2013) It is the obligation of the instructors to offer help to the earth of gaining which ought to be liberated from biasness as far as execution and instructing educational program to the understudies through the method of cooperations or live guides to the classes. Thusly, the understudies in like manner also ready to challenge the sexual orientation disparities anticipate offer advancement to the chances and educators can manufacture a comprehensive learning condition for all the understudies regardless of their sex and their capacity to consider the indecencies of the sex standards. It is r eally an instructor who can fabricate this learning condition in the school (Dury, 2013; Carpenter, 2013). Tending to Gender hole The procedure or the manners by which the male and female understudies construct the gentility and manliness could be additionally separated the sexual orientation. Sexual orientation hole is viewed as essential issues in todays world where the methodology made towards building the standards of instruction, relationship decisions and furthermore the decisions dependent on profession are exposed to the standards of the sex hole or separation (Legewie Diprete, 2012; Meyer, 2015). The female understudies are commonly urged to take humanities or expressions subject and then again, the young men are being urged to accept science and business as their subjects since young men have included them into intuition basically and they can decipher thinking in a progressively intelligent way (Winchester Browning, 2015; London et al 2012). The examinations have likewise discovered that the male understudies from the foundation of the common laborers can communicate their manliness remotely and they typically place their accentuation on their quality and forces. Anyway these understudies are commonly exposed to the less tutoring. In any case, the male understudies having the white collar class foundation, they are now and again self observer and will in general express their conduct which is inverse of the young men who are from the rich class foundation (Legewie Diprete, 2012; MacNell, Driscoll Hunt, 2015). Regarding sexual orientation hole, the teachers or the educators are expected to address these sorts of inconsistencies among the understudies through the down to earth classes appropriately and making them mindful about the issues of the general public (Legewie Diprete, 2012). Sexual orientation hole in the general public is as yet being thought of and with the roper training and comprehension of the mankind by making a comprehensive type of learning instruction for the understudies. Offering appreciation to a similar sex Another most significant worry about the contextual analysis is that about offering appreciation to a similar sex couple and their families. Jill saw that John censured Jane for she is having two moms. This is something genuine which a school needs to deal with. With the changing of the world and the general public, the thinking power about the person is creating and this is ceaselessly developing with time and pace. As needs be, a change notice is likewise coming in the perspectives on the individuals (Heaphy, Smart, Einarsdottir, 2013; London et al 2012) In this regard, the school needs to think of new instruction framework so the kids can stay up with the changing method of reality in the general public. The general public and the family needs to show a kid offering admiration to the couple of a similar sexual orientation and their family (Wilkinson Marett, 2013). A fuse of the new educational program should be finished by the gathering of instructors so as to address these issues and the understudies need to find out about the adjustments in the network. The instructor can embrace down to earth classes for encouraging the understudies about how to speak to them and offer appreciation to everybody (Heaphy, Smart, Einarsdottir, 2013).With the progressions got the network, the relations among people are likewise being modified. It is from now on, huge to change the instilled conviction of the individuals with respect to the current society and for this the understudies who are the foundation of a country can grow further their logical temper and would figure out how to take activities to change the thinking about the world (Heaphy, Smart, Einarsdottir, 2013). Job of Families Families and Parents of the understudies involve a fundamental situation in the understudies life. Also, the achievement of the understudies are relied upon a progressively community oriented and intuitive condition. Families are viewed as having a more extensive structure and the teachers appropriately can give help the understudies in understanding the distinctions in the units of the family and the general public (Schunk, Meece Pintrich, 2012; Barac Biyalistoc, 2012) Children begin understanding the notification from their initial ages. The teachers by seeing these comprehension of the youngsters, both the families and the instructors can think of the techniques and guide the understudies to decipher these distinctions and furthermore the inclinations in a significantly more reasonable and sound way. A kid needs to grow a social personality so as to get fit with the current assorted variety so as to build up a decent association with others in the domain of the general public (Sch unk, Meece Pintrich, 2012; Barac Biyalistoc, 2012). Instructors likewise should assume the liability in building up the language and aptitudes of the youngsters with the goal that they have the ability to decipher their passionate attitude so they can effectively address the biases and imbalance autonomously. Execution of the techniques in homeroom condition The Gayby Project The Gayby venture is one of the toolboxs which focus on the understudies to invite various families. This pack is particular for the understudies of five to six years. The venture likewise targets youngsters to who are being raised by the non-customary families which consolidate a similar sex guardians, single guardians and furthermore the co guardians (Gayby Baby, 2017). The pack is useful for the instructors to create systems so as to offer help to the childrens understanding in these specific territories by having a goal of making a comprehensive conversation in the earth of the school (Gayby

Whats coming up at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Whats coming up at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog We’re always telling prospective students that one of the advantages of choosing SIPA is that there’s so much to do on the Columbia campus. You could have a different University sponsored academic or social adventure every day of the week!   I decided to be a good graduate student and support my claims with some hard data.   There is way more happening next week than I’ve listed below, but I decided to include one event per day that I might consider attending. I want to point out to you that these were not hard to find. I simply searched my gmail inbox   for “events” and various emails about the following (and more) appeared! (PS. Let us know if you like this post. I would be happy to run one of these every week!) Sunday Columbia Art of Living presents free yoga classes with certified instructors. Open to all levels. They also sponsor meditation workshops and a “Yoga Remix” dance party earlier this semester. To find out more about Columbia Art of Living, click here. Monday “Out with Detectives: Policing Bangkok” Professor Duncan McCargo who will share his recent fieldwork with the Thai police. Lunch will be provided. (Always a plus for us grad students.) Tuesday Learning Lunch with Professor Dirk Solomons, Director of the Program of Humanitarian Affairs. Student can sign up to discuss International Organizations with this world renowned Professor in a casual and intimate setting. You can find out more about Professor Solomons, here. Wednesday Pussy Riot: The Sequel, A witness theater performance by Varvara Faer (Teatr.doc, Moscow) about Pussy Riot, the women punk group now famous for singing the prayer Mother of God, drive Putin away! in a Russian church, and their subsequent prosecution. Ekaterina Samutsevich, one of the members of pussy riot will join the discussion via Skype.   More info here. Thursday Empire of Dogs: Canines, Japan, and the Making of the Modern Imperial World,   A Brown Bag lecture with speaker, Aaron Skabelund, Assistant Professor of History, Brigham Young University Friday Public Health Career Fair and Networking Day with the Mailman School Some employers in attendance include, Deloitte Consulting, Mt.Sinai Hospital and the Department of Public Health. Saturday THATCamp Feminisms East, hosted by Barnard College  An informal, collaborative conference dedicated to exploring innovation in the digital humanities with a focus on feminist interventions.  For more info click here. posted by: Nancy Leeds, SIPA 2nd Year student

Descriptive Essay - Original Writing - 993 Words

â€Å"Hey dad can I ride my bike to Audra’s a house to see if hangout today?†, I asked my dad. â€Å"Sure you can and by the way there s only a few more days left of summer before school starts, but if you re riding your bike you need to wear a helmet.†, my dad replied. â€Å"Ok dad thank you and I promise i ll wear my helmet.†, I told my dad as I walked out of my parents room and running down the stairs. So as I got down stairs I opened the garage, took the lock off my bike, took out my bike, clicked on my helmet that had purple flowers on it, and finally took off to go to audas house. AUdras house from my house is about 3 miles away and it takes about 15 minutes to ride my bike there and about 25 to 30 minutes to walk. As I exit out of my neighborhood I go across the street and turn left from there I just keep going straight. After going straight for a while I take a left into her neighborhood, then knock on her door when i m at her house and she opens the door surprised because she didn t know that I was coming, of course she s going to be surprised. â€Å"Hi Audra can you hang out and we could go to the park or something?†, I asked spontaneously. â€Å"Yeah of course I could hang out but if we go to the park my little brother Brody has to come to is that ok with you?† â€Å" Of course it is shall we all ride bikes?† â€Å" Sure just wait a second and Bo and I will open the garage and get our bikes out.† Now we are at the park playing groundies which is a game that is kind of like tag but theyShow MoreRelatedDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1110 Words   |  5 PagesI don’t know how I got to where I am, but I’m here now, and I have to win if I want to live. I am in a game, and in order to live, I have to escape. That’s the thing, though: I don’t know how to escape. I was running for my life around this old house that looked like it came straight out of a horror movie. I doubled over and held my head in pain as I saw the static, which meant it was coming. I was being chased by what looked like a person but in no way acted like one. Just as it was about to appearRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1102 Words   |  5 PagesIt is on days like this when we stop to think about our life. Small drops of rain begin to dapple the cobblestone pavement as people whip out their umbrellas for cover. I continue sauntering down the busy street, relishing th e feeling of a light shower. Moving with the mass of pedestrians, I stop at a crosswalk where I wait for the stoplight to turn green. A flower shop employee across the street scurries to bring in the numerous bouquets and close the doors as rain starts rolling down the displayRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing914 Words   |  4 PagesDreamy I thought. Standing on the corner is a young guy with a smile. I see him here almost every day, so I linger for a while. He tells me his name, and I tell him mine. I m Ester, what s your name? I enquired. My names David .,He replied. We end up talking for a while and I asked him if he had ever left this city. He tells me of all these stories of the places where he s been, the distant lakes and mountains, and in valleys oh so green. I can see it in his eyes, he really has beenRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing974 Words   |  4 Pages I was used to moving round, having a mother who liked to travel more than making roots was something I had gotten used to. Still, I had never gotten used to the loneliness of an empty house when she was out exploring, or the feeling of leaving behind someone who could have meant something to me. Our most recent move was Oregon. It was pretty, and I didn’t mind it, but it was much different than Florida. Not only was it opposite sides of the country, it felt as if it were opposite worlds. InRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1012 Words   |  5 Pageshave plenty of time in the next month to think about my feeling in regards to Kendrick. I needed to finish up the article and get it off to my editor. I should be able to get it done by tonight and send an email in the morning. I was thinking of writing my next article about the sea life around the Scottish coast. Since our salmon dinner last evening I thought I would do a piece about the commercial salmon farming that began in Scotland in 1969. In 2002 over 145,000 metric tons of farmed AtlanticRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1561 Words   |  7 PagesThere’s something I need to say and what follows may not be something that you’d expect, it won’t be heartening or uplifting. If you remember today, I told you about going somewhere I wanted to go to†¦ I’m not sure if you believed and accepted what I now confess as untrue; it is partly. I needed to pull away emo tionally†¦ from you. You must have had fathomed that some degree of formality had seeped between us. Born of habit, formulaic greetings had become a routine. You presume that I’m a close friendRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1387 Words   |  6 PagesI was wearing a beautiful blue dress with sapphire gems all around the chest area as I entered the ball with Ciel and Sebastian. I took a good look around here, the hallway was lined with gold. There was a servant ready to escort us to the ball room. Hello, come this way. He said, walking forward. Wow, this place is so fancy! I exclaimed, looking around. It s fake gold. Ciel bluntly replied, bringing my hopes down. I sighed. Ciel sounded like he wasn t in a very good mood. Ciel, lightenRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1287 Words   |  6 Pages In the morning, Caireann woke me up. She stood above my bed, shaking my shoulder. I opened my eyes, looking at her. Then I looked across the room to her empty bed. Andy s empty bed sat in the corner. I swallowed, climbing out of bed. Sleep well? Caireann asked me, starting out the door. Yeah, I said, going over to our small dresser. I had the bottom two drawers. Andy had the middle two, and Caireann had the top. I pulled open the drawers, pulling on a colorful tank top and a grayRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1345 Words   |  6 PagesLater that night, I was behind the wheel of my G-Wagon with Melissa in the passenger seat. She didn’t feel like driving since she was on the road all day and I understood so I didn’t mind when she asked me to. I had been tight-lipped. She kept eyeballing me as if she detected that something was bothering me but I just kept singing to my India Arie as if I was carefree. â€Å"So are you going to tell me what’s going on or no† Melissa said disrupting my own personal concert. I stopped singing and tookRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1085 Words   |  5 PagesI WAS SITTING IN a taxi, wondering if I had overdressed for the evening, when I looked out the window and saw Mom rooting through a Dumpster. It was just after dark. A blustery March wind whipped the steam coming out of the manholes, and people hurried along the sidewalks with their collars turned up. I was stuck in traffic two blocks from the party where I was heading. Mom stood fifteen feet away. She had tied rags around her shoulders to keep out the spring chill and was picking through the trash

Tom Brennan Essay - 1358 Words

The experience of moving into the world can challenge individuals attitudes and beliefs. Into the world explores the aspects of growth, transition and change. The novel The Story of Tom Brennan by J.C Burke explores the different ways individuals grow when they are taken out of their comfort zones and venture into new experiences. This concept is also conveyed within the song Fast Car By Tracy Chapman and the film Charlie st Cloud Directed by Burr Steers. The Story of Tom Brennan follows the lives of the Brennan family after the events of a fatal car accident, it shows how Tom the protagonist struggles to cope with his past, similarly the song Fast Car is a representation of an escape, a women seeking to flee a life she finds†¦show more content†¦Her changing hairstyle is also representative of her fear and difficulty in facing challenges as they lie ahead. The film Charlie st Cloud directed by Burr Steer, deals with a tragedy similar to the catalyst for change found in Bur kes novel. This film explores the perspective if the protagonist Charlie who is involved in a fatal car crash resulting in the death of his younger brother Sam. Gripped by remorse, guilt and fear Charlie abandons his future dreams and becomes the care taker of the waterside cemetery, leaving his friends and future at collage behind. he is tied to the cemetery via the ghostly appearances of his brother Sam, and friends that have ventured into the world and passed away. Charlies fear and withdrawal is evident when the recurring shots of his now abandoned sailing boat is juxtaposed with the possibilities of Charlie changing his life and moving into the world. the boat becomes a symbolic motif for Charlies fear and guilt. Whilst in Burke’s novel the hill becomes a symbolic motive for facing fears and challenges. Facing transitions and dealing with dramatic change has a influencing aspect on family and personal relationships, through the text we see the dynamics of relationships and roles of family shift to meet the needs of each individual as they face the challenge of moving in to the world before them. the manner in which the various members of the Brennan family relate to each other, as well as the horribleShow MoreRelatedEssay Tom Brennan762 Words   |  4 PagesIN THIS STORY? Daniel Brennan is the main character of the story, Tom Brennan. He plays an 18 year old son, who makes a decision that completely ruins his life and his reputation. Before the accident, Daniel had the dream life any teenage boy could ever want. He was five-eight and his brother Tom was half-back, they worked as a team. All that is over now. The story begins with the Brennans fleeing town. They packed all their belongings and left. They wereRead MoreEssay on Story of Tom Brennan Quotes1590 Words   |  7 Pages‘The Story of Tom Brennan’ Melany Rooney Prologue ‘In a couple of hours they would wake up and find us gone, far away, so as not to remind them of their pain and what our family now meant to this town’ (p. 2) The novel begins with a journey, both physical and emotional; the Brennans are physically moving houses and towns, but also moving into new, unfamiliar territory. The leaving of ‘home’ is synonymous with the leaving of what id known, familiar and comfortable, in a literal and metaphoricalRead MoreDigital Fabrications Architectural And Material Techniques1683 Words   |  7 Pagesincorporate complex double-curved geometries. Before the work presented in this book can be discussed further, it is important to have background information on the two techniques and main modes of 3d modeling that will be referred to throughout the essay. Tessellation and contouring are not novel techniques; they’ve been around for hundreds of years but their implementation in design was previously limited due to the fact that tessellated and contoured projects were hand crafted, labor intensive, andRead MoreMalpractice And Malpractice Of A Healthcare Organization3172 Words   |  13 Pagesmalpractice in a healthcare organization. It will try explain how negligence and malpractice drive up the cost of healthcare and how there has been a clamor tort reform, what would be the content of the reform and the expected outcome. Lastly the essay would prove to us that there is no indication since tort reform has been implemented, that points to a reduction in the cost of healthcare and the cost of running a healthcare organizat ion in relation to paying high malpractice insurance. â€Æ' TORTRead MoreSolution Manual, Test Bank and Instructor Manuals34836 Words   |  140 PagesWebsite_Alvin C. Burns,Ronald F. 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Brain control Free Essays

The brain controls all aspects of our functioning, from the moment we were conceived until the last of our breath. Much of what we do is not a result of just one action or function of the brain but a series of simultaneous processes that all work at the same time to be able to accomplish a task. In this particular scenario wherein an individual, like myself for example, is in the middle of a room and has a table and two different colored balls, red on the left side and green on the right, is asked by another person to pick up the ball placed on the left side with my left hand. We will write a custom essay sample on Brain control or any similar topic only for you Order Now After which the instructor, which is behind the table asks what color is the ball that I picked. In accomplishing the aforementioned tasks, my brain will go through several processes that might seem insignificant when looked at in real time due to the immediate and rapidly firing neurons happening in an instant that we are not even aware that these minute details are happening. I am in the middle of the room; I know where my position is. Being aware of one’s position also requires that the brain recognize where I am. The parietal lobe of the cerebrum is responsible for orientation and movement (Serendip). This part of the brain will be able to tell me that I am in the middle because one of its functions is to construct a spatial coordinate system to represent the area where I am to be found. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain that is thought to control higher brain function like that of thought and action (Serendip). This information will reach our brain through an ascending pathway. The afferent fibers will travel through the posterior column, like other functions such as sterognosis, graphesthesia, among many others (University of Idaho). The stimulus will travel through the spinal cord and will find itself interpreted in the somatosensory cortex of the parietal lobe (University of Idaho). After interpretation, I will now know my position and where I am. In addition to that, I see where I am. Without seeing my surroundings, I may not be able to actually predict my spatial location, which is the middle of the room. I know that I am in the middle of the room because I see the room and I was able to calculate that my position is in the middle of this big box of a room. This stimulus, particularly the visual one, wherein I was able to see the room and all of its contents, including the table in front of me with the two balls and another person behind the table will be perceived by the visual area of the brain, which is the occipital lobe (Serendip). I can see where the objects are because there are light rays being reflected off them and these rays enter my eyes and pass through my lens. The image that will be projected through my lens will be an inverted version of what I see and this information will be sent to my retina (Montgomery). Inside the retina there are rod and cone cells that will produce signals to be relayed onto the optic nerve and reach the lateral geniculate nucleus (Montgomery). The details of the objects and the person I see in front of my will travel to selected areas of the primary visual cortex and then to other areas of the cortex that would process the global aspects of the objects and the person in front of me like their shape, color, or movement (Montgomery). The person behind the table will ask me to pick up the left ball with my left hand. I will hear his instructions. The temporal lobe of the cerebrum is the one to process the auditory stimuli that I receive as he said in his command. My ears will catch the sound and the auditory nerve will receive the stimuli and bring this to auditory nucleus of thalamus, which is the medial geniculate nucleus (Washington University School of Medicine). This will project to the primary auditory cortex in the temporal lobes. After hearing and processing his command, I will now move my left hand to pick up the left ball. I already know which ball I am to pick up with my left hand as I saw the balls and the table and I interpreted its position relative to mine earlier. Now all I have to do is move my hands and pick it up. The primary motor cortex found in the precentral gyrus, is the area of the cerebrum that will process this movement (Dubuc). First off, I have already signaled my parietal and frontal lobes to alert my attentiveness in processing his command. Once I know that it is my left hand, which should pick the ball and not my right hand, I can tell my left hand to move already and this involves activation of the supplementary and premotor cortical areas and the application of these information from subcortical structures to the primary motor complex (Dubuc). A closer look at how this happens is through the passing of the stimulus to the corticospinal tract. The corticospinal tract is responsible for stimulating motor neurons located in the spinal cord that are responsible for movement of the axial muscles of body in addition to the arms and legs (Dubuc). The lateral system pathway is followed to produce this movement and the pathway involves passing through the fibers of the lateral corticospinal tract continuing onto the spinal cord before reaching the motor neurons (Dubuc). However, a unique process is occurring in the junction between the medulla and the spinal cord. Fibers coming from the lateral corticospinal tract cross the midline before continuing their way onto the opposite side of the spinal cord, and is called decussation (Dubuc). The cerebellum also plays a role in movement. The learned movement sequences are stored in the cerebellum, in addition to the coordination of movements and its fine-tuning, avoiding clumsy and large movements (Dubuc). This will help me know how to actually move my left hand and to avoid unnecessary movements. As I am now moving my left hand to reach the left ball, I know from my long-term memory what a ball is and what it looks like. I also know from memory which is left and which is right. The hippocampus is the part of the brain that is known to store our long-term memory. After knowing what a ball is and which is left and which is right, these information will be transferred from our short-term memory to our long-term memory. Information that we need to summon up every time is considered to be categorized as a long-term memory such as names, dates, colors, among many others. Long-term memory is of three types and color is categorized under semantic memory, that contains facts which we do not need an effort to recall (Aetna, Inc. ). The acquisition of memory happens when we learn the different colors and we learn to distinguish which is the left side from the right. Consolidation of this information will make us remember the colors and directions more. Then when needed, we will be able to easily recall this information. Since I have already identified which is the ball on my left and I have been able to move my left arm now to pick up the left ball, I can answer what color the ball is. According to the information given, the left ball is colored red. I know from my stored long-term memory and from what I see that the ball on the left side is red. Works Cited: Aetna, Inc, â€Å"Memory Loss. † InteliHealth. 2004. InteliHealth. 22 Feb 2009 http://www. intelihealth. com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/31393/31397/347125. html? d=dmtContent. Dubuc, Bruno. â€Å"The Motor Cortex. † The brain. 2001. Canadian Institute of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and addiction. 22 Feb 2009 http://thebrain. mcgill. ca/flash/i/i_06/i_06_cr/i_06_cr_mou/i_06_cr_mou. html. Montgomery, Geoffrey. â€Å"The Visual pathway. † Howard Hughes Medical Institute. 2000. Howard Hughes Medical Institute. 22 Feb 2009 http://www. hhmi. org/senses/b150. html. Serendip, â€Å"Brain Structures and their Functions. † Brain and behavior. 2005. Serendip. 22 Feb 2009 http://serendip. brynmawr. edu/bb/kinser/Structure1. html. University of Idaho, â€Å"Ascending Pathways. † A self-study module to be used for Med Sci 532. 2004. University of Idaho. 22 Feb 2009 http://www. sci. uidaho. edu/med532pathways/. Washington University School of Medicine, â€Å"AUDITORY AND VESTIBULAR PATHWAYS. † Neuroscience Tutorial. 1997. Washington University School of Medicine. 22 Feb 2009 http://thalamus. wustl. edu/course/audvest. html. How to cite Brain control, Papers

Organizattional Commitment and Communication free essay sample

This paper will focus on the American Red Cross as it relates to organizational commitment and communication. Leadership styles will affect communication in this organization. There are many different sources of power that affects group and organizational communication within the American Red Cross. Many motivational theories can be useful and definitely helpful within the culture of this organization. Communication is one of the key components of these theories. There is a high level of commitment that is necessary in the workforce of the organization, as well as dependence of communication in the organization. All these factors play a key role in the overall influence of group and organizational communication. Organizational Commitment and Communication at American Red Cross According to www. redcross. org, the American Red Cross responds to nearly 70,000 disasters a year. This organization definitely shows a level of organizational commitment. Employees are excited in knowing that the services that the organization delivers are assisting and making lives better each day. The American Red Cross is dedicated in bringing together a distinct group of employees as well as volunteers that reflect the society that is helped, and those who offer their loving support. Organizational commitment and communication in the American Red Cross are determined by many key factors such as: leadership styles, sources of power, organizational culture, motivational theories, and commitment of the workforce. Leadership Styles Leadership involves the process of determining others behavior in order to accomplish a specific goal. Leadership styles may differ based on organizational structure, people, environment, and responsibility (Regan Ghobadian, 2004). The leadership styles that the organization uses tend to be based on the attitudes of the individual about workers, competence, and how to get the task done. There are three main styles of leadership: authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire leadership. First, authoritarian leadership involves orders being given to workers informing them of how a job is to be done. Communication is a one way process from leaders to workers. Workers are not involved in decision-making. There seems to be a high level of productivity as long as the leader is present, but fails when the leader is not around (Kuhn Poole, 2006). Second, democratic leadership occurs when the leader discusses things over with the group before any decisions are made. Team input is encouraged. Plans are shared and multiple options are made. In this type of leadership, communication is a two-way process. The productivity is high and does not drop when the leader is absent (Kuhn Poole, 2006). Third, laissez-faire leadership occurs when leaders do not do much in the group. Leaders assist by request. There tends to be a lack of support by the leader toward the group members. A very poor level of communication takes place in this type of leadership. An extremely low level of productivity is present out of all leadership styles (Kuhn Poole, 2006). Power and Sources of Power Power is the qualities that an individual may use to get others to do what must be done or what an individual wants. One reality of power in American Red Cross is that individuals have a need for it. The disputes of power are based on degree and intention; whether an individual has a high or low need of power, and whether the need is more personal or organizational (Alanazi Rodrigues, 2003). The overall reality of power should be wisely accepted because of the importance it plays in enabling an individual to contribute effectively to the organization. The five bases of power are: coercive, legitimate, reward, referent, and expert. First, coercive power lies in the tendency of a manager to force an employee to agree with a request by threat of punishment. This leads to a lack of commitment and general employee withdrawal. Therefore, there is a decrease in the productivity and creativity of the organization (French Raven, 2000). Second, legitimate power lies in confidence among employees that managers have the power to give orders due to his or her position. For example, at the scene of a crime, people tend to agree with orders of police based on confidence of the rights that police have to give orders. At American Red Cross, employees may agree based on legitimate power; however, they may not show a sense of commitment and cooperation. Third, reward power lies on the manager giving an incentive to employees. These incentives can range from money to improved work schedules. One problem associated with incentives for power is the chance that incentives will distract employee’s attention away from their jobs and concentrate their attention on the incentives held before them (Alanazi Rodrigues, 2003). Fourth, referent power lies on employees respect for a manager and their desire to connect with him or her. The manager tends to lead by example. This type of power depends strongly on trust. One common mistake in using this power in cross cultural situations; however, is misunderstanding the way in which employees identify their superiors. Fifth, expert power lies on the belief that employees have a great amount of knowledge and skills. For example, an equipment repair person comes into CEO office to fix a piece of machinery. No doubt exists that the CEO outranks the repair person; however, the CEO is likely to listen to the orders of the repair person in order to get the machine working. Expertise often decreases in this type of power. The manager’s power is less effective over a period of time, and the organization’s effectiveness decreases. Therefore, the solution is that the manager’s power becomes less or that the manager purposefully decides not to distribute his or her knowledge of skills to other employees (French Raven, 2000). Affects of Power on Group and Organizational Communication Individuals within the American Red Cross with a chain of command desire to communicate their wants and expectations with their supervisors to show that no matter what the superior’s controlling basis of power, face-to face interaction is the desired method of communication. Ineffective communication can lead to misunderstanding, incorrect strategies, and frustration (Mohr Nevin, 1990). Organizational Culture and Motivational Theories Culture helps individuals have meaningful relationships because of the customs, roles, rituals, and laws that are created and shared. Motivation is the strength behind an individual’s decision to adhere to or not adhere to certain acts or behaviors. When employees are happy with their work environment, the improvement of an assignment, and the participation of rewards, they will have a joyful behavior. This will cause employees to be more sensitive to communication with managers, co-workers, clients, and customers. In the expectancy theory, behaviors are produced by the expectance of rewards and the understood values of the results. The five principles of this theory are: 1. people have reason for what they do, 2. whatever people choose to do, they do it to gain something they believe is good for them, 3. whatever goal people choose must be seen as attainable, 4. the conditions under which the job is done can affect its value to employees or their expectation of success, and 5. manager can increase the value of the goal, employee’s expectations of reaching it, and enhance the situation surrounding the performance (Frey Osterloh, 2000). The second theory deals with the relationship between management and leadership. In order for managers to relate well with their employees, they must be aware of their individual styles of leadership. One way managers can do this is with the managerial grid. The grid shows the relationship of a managers concern for production contrary to his or her concern for people. The concern for production focuses on the quantity and the quality of work spent on the services or product that the organization is producing. Concern for people focuses on creating positive interactions with people, increasing self-esteem of employees and making a kind and accepting environment. The third theory is employee empowerment. This gives employees better decision-making control over their work assignments. In order to accomplish empowerment, managers must look at the differences between job content and job context. Job content refers to work necessary in carrying out the job. Job context deals with reasons for doing the job and ways the job applies to the mission and goals of the organization. The final theory is the principles of supportive relationships. This theory focus on the factors that explain positive interactions and the maintenance of an individuals self worth (Frey Osterloh, 2000). Communication plays an important role in motivational theories. Communication must be a two-way process, so an enabling environment can give an individual what he or she needs. If a manager is able to communicate their ideas effectively, so that employees know what is asked of them, performing their jobs will not be a problem. The atmosphere of the organization must be encouraging so employees realize how important communication is to each staff member personally, and to the organization in general. Cozzens Monger, 1992). Commitment of Workforce The commitment of the workforce to the American Red Cross is to help save lives. When disaster strikes, a response for food, shelter, and hope is needed. When barriers of distance, language, and warfare separates loved ones, the lines of communication must be open. When families, co-workers and communit ies have to prepare for emergencies assistance in action is necessary. Some communication tools that are used in American Red Cross are: television, newspaper, radio, bulletin boards, organizational newsletters and interpersonal communication. The workforce helps to deliver messages effectively and consistently in both crisis and non-crisis situations in ways that serve the American Red Cross’s mission, vision, goals and reputation. Members will create an increase in awareness, acknowledgement and understanding of the organization. Therefore, this will allow members to serve as mediators between the organization and the public to provide and increase level of understanding and communication within the organization. Conclusion Once the organization understands how leadership styles, sources of power, motivational theories, and the commitment of the workforce affects group and organizational communication, efficiency can be accomplished. Therefore, the awareness of the American Red Cross organizational commitment and communication is necessary for growth.